Presidential Papers, Doc#165 To Milton Stover Eisenhower, 29 April 1953. In The Papers of Dwight David Eisenhower

Document #165; April 29, 1953
To Milton Stover Eisenhower
Series: EM, AWF, Name Series

The Papers of Dwight David Eisenhower, Volume XIV - The Presidency: The Middle Way
Part I: Charting a New Course; January 1953 to April 1953
Chapter 2: "A number of misunderstandings": Party and International Struggles

 

Dear Milton: I am delighted to know that you expect to be in Washington this week; I am even more delighted that the doctors give you encouraging predictions in Helen's case.1

Your arrangements for the ninth are perfectly fine with me. In fact, if you want to get in eighteen holes of golf in the morning, I will be quite ready to start off here by six or six-thirty, whatever would be agreeable to you. As I remember, Mamie is going to drive up in the car on the evening of the eighth.2

As for your concern about the St. Lawrence Seaway, I have heard it discussed pro and con, both inside and outside the Administration, so much that I am almost sorry I ever heard the project mentioned.3 In the early days I realized that I was hearing only the pro side of the argument, so one day I sent for Bill Faricy and invited him to bring to see me two or three of the prominent railroad men in the country.4 He came in one Sunday afternoon with several friends, and we had a two or three hour talk on the matter. After that he provided me with a long memorandum on the proposal by the Chicago Chamber of Commerce, and I required that memorandum to be studied by every Department of the government that has an interest in the matter.5

The opponents of the project place the approximate cost to the United States as something over two billion dollars; some of its enthusiastic supporters estimate the federal government expenditure at five million.6 In such a confused situation, you have to dig pretty deep to find out what the facts really are because each allegation is presented with a very large share of emotionalism and prejudice.

All that the Administration has done is to state that the matter does have certain security angles which make the construction of the Seaway reasonably desirable. The Administration believes also that the federal government (through the Federal Power Commission) should give New York State the authority to develop, in conjunction with the Province of Ontario, the power project involved in the Seaway construction.

After you get this far, you have the next fact that Canada is going to construct the Seaway whether or not the United States participates. The next question that arises is whether or not the United States could limit its direct expenditures to a reasonable sum, or whether it would just be led on and on and on into unconscionable costs. With respect to this one point, I can guarantee you what will happen during the next four years--if I live that long--but after that I would expect to have nothing to say about it.

This noon I had lunch with Senator Duff and two of his good friends from Pennsylvania. I found that one of these gentlemen was a very strong proponent, one was a strong opponent, and one seemed to be enough of a politician that he could roll with the punch.7

Give Helen my love, and, of course, all the best to yourself. As ever

I am attaching two documents, both of which came to my attention this morning. The first is the lead editorial from the Washington Post. It is, to my mind, a typically academic and theoretical criticism of activities of which they know very little. If ever you get a chance, you may straighten out your friend Wiggins on the matter.8

The other is a "Weekly Staff Report" of one of the investment research corporations. I have never before heard of this particular service. In any event, the writer has come closer than anyone else to expressing the real joint philosophy of the new Executive group in government, and, in the main, of the Republican Congressional leaders with whom we meet regularly.9

1 Writing on April 27 (AWF/N), Milton had reported on his wife's illness.

2 The Eisenhowers, traveling by train on the evening of May 8, would spend the weekend with Milton at Pennsylvania State College (see no. 162).

3 Milton referred to Eisenhower's statement of April 23, in which the President said for the first time that he favored U.S. participation with Canada in the St. Lawrence Seaway project. The President based his stand, he said, on advice from the National Security Council (NSC meeting minutes Apr. 23, 1953, AWF/NSC; New York Times, Apr. 24, 25, 26, 1953). Citing the NSC's view that it was "in the best interests of national security" to go forward with the project, Eisenhower had immediately formed a Cabinet committee to submit recommendations for U.S. participation in the seaway construction (for background on the controversial project see no. 114).

It was with reluctance, Milton wrote, that he broached the subject of Eisenhower's position regarding the seaway. "I certainly will never try to advise you outside the fields of agriculture, government, administration, public relations and education, which are my own fields of competence. So I'm confining my remarks to procedure." He pointed out that many who opposed the seaway, especially those in the railroad, coal, and mining industries, believed that Eisenhower could not have received an unprejudiced perspective in view of the fact that so many "great proponents of the project" were members of his Cabinet and the NSC. He named as examples Humphrey, Wilson, Dulles, and Stassen. "Keep in mind," Milton reminded his brother, "that I live in a State [Pennsylvania] where there is concentrated the most violent opposition to this project–I therefore hear only one side."

"I can only wonder," he wrote, "whether the national interest really requires you to take a final position now." Milton thought that if Eisenhower refrained from "taking a firm stand," the relevant facts would be disclosed in congressional hearings and the bill would fail, whereas an affirmative position by Eisenhower would assure its passage.

4 William Thomas Faricy (LL.B. St. Paul College of Law 1914) was president of the Association of American Railroads (see no. 114).

5 This was probably The Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway and Power Project, by Arthur H. Schwietert and Leverett S. Lyon, published in 1951 by the Chicago Association of Commerce and Industry.

6 The cost to the United States for seaway construction would in fact come to $251 million; Canada would spend $312 million on the project (Gennifer Sussman, The St. Lawrence Seaway: History and Analysis of a Joint Water Highway [Washington, D.C., 1978], pp. 23-24).

7 It was on April 28, not April 29, that Eisenhower had lunch with Senator Duff; Phil Sharples, Republican Finance Chairman of Pennsylvania; and M. Harvey Taylor, Republican State Chairman of Pennsylvania (see the Chronology).

8 Eisenhower referred to an editorial titled "The First 100 Days," which observed that the early period of his Administration had been "marked by intra-Republican wrangling even more than executive-legislative conflict." Calling Eisenhower's leadership "spasmodic," the writer scored the President for his seeming unwillingness to "grapple with the problems of `willful men' among Republicans" (Washington Post, Apr. 29, 1953). James Russell Wiggins was managing editor of the Post.

9 This document was not in EM.

Bibliographic reference to this document:
Eisenhower, Dwight D. To Milton Stover Eisenhower, 29 April 1953. In The Papers of Dwight David Eisenhower, ed. L. Galambos and D. van Ee, doc. 165. World Wide Web facsimile by The Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission of the print edition; Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, http://www.eisenhowermemorial.org/presidential-papers/first-term/documents/165.cfm

 


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